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PON Architecture

by ShahedJanuary 2, 2012October 30, 20150

PON Architecture: Like every other field, PON technology has its own terminology [bodyads] the CO head-end is called an OLT ONUs are the CPE devices (sometimes called ONTs in ITU) the entire fiber tree (incl. feeder, splitters, distribution fibers) is an ODN all trees emanating from the same OLT form an OAN downstream is from OLT to ONU (upstream is the opposite direction) PON Architecture Diagram: OLT (Optical line terminal) OLT is a terminal equipment connected to the fiber backbone. It sends Ethernet data to the ONU, initiates and controls the ranging process, and records the ranging information. OLT allocates …

by ShahedJanuary 2, 2012October 30, 20150

PON Advantages: Shared infrastructure translates to lower cost per customer minimal number of optical transceivers feeder fiber and transceiver costs divided by N customers greenfield per-customer cost similar to UTP [boxads] Passive splitters translate to lower cost can be installed anywhere no power needed essentially unlimited MTBF Fiber data-rates can be upgraded as technology improves initially 155 Mbps then 622 Mbps now 1.25 Gbps soon 2.5 Gbps and higher

by ShahedNovember 4, 2011October 30, 20150

How to stop repeat Ping command ? Which command you are trying to stop/Break repeat ping when you face problem cisco Switch/Router. [bodyads] Don’t worry please try bellow command, it’s work successfully. Hold down Ctrl+shift+6, release and then press x immediately. This may work depending on your IOS.

by ShahedNovember 4, 2011October 29, 20150

Which types of command used to ping a host continuously? You can ping from cmd by typing: c:\>ping [-t] [-a] [-n count] [-l size] [-f] [-i TTL] [-v TOS] [-r count] [-s count] [[-j host-list] | [-k host-list]] [-w timeout] target_ip/name [boxads] Source(s): Options: -t Ping the specified host until stopped. To see statistics and continue – type Control-Break; To stop – type Control-C. -a Resolve addresses to hostnames. -n count Number of echo requests to send. -l size Send buffer size. -f Set Don’t Fragment flag in packet. -i TTL Time To Live. -v TOS Type Of Service. -r …

by ShahedSeptember 1, 2011October 24, 20150

MPLS VPN Components: Today I will discuss about MPLS VPN Components. It is same as MP-BGP Components. only extra Label component are added with MPLS VPN Components. [boxads] RD: Route Distinguisher VPNv4 routes RT: Route Target Label VPNv4 address: To convert an IPv4 address into a VPNv4 address, RD is appended to the IPv4 address i.e 1:1:10.1.1.0 Makes the customer’s IPv4 route globally unique. Each VRF must be configured with an RD at the PE. RD is what that defines the VRF [adsense] Example: ip vrf v1 rd 1:1

by ShahedSeptember 1, 2011October 24, 20150

Virtual Routing and Forwarding basics (VRF): Today i will discuss about Virtual Routing and Forwarding basics (VRF). VRF is a Layer 3 VPN technique. VRF can be use with or without MPLS. If we look bellow diagram we see here two VRF one is green VRF and another is blue VRF. [boxads] Virtual Routing and Forwarding basics (VRF) Diagram: Now one question what is VRF ? VRF associates to one or more interfaces on PE. Privatize an interface. [i.e. coloring of the interface in diagram] Has its own routing table and forwarding table (CEF) VRF has its own instance for …